Ca CHANNEL BLOCKERS

Etiology:

1. Accidental or iatrogenic

1. S&S occur  within 1-6hrs
    
2. Depending on preparation taken some have more BP effect (nifedipine) others conduction effect (verapamil) and others  both (cardizem). Thus S&S are ¯ BP, bradycardia/block, nonspecific ST-TW  changes.
    
3. There is insulin release impairment 2ry to ¯ Ca entry into pancreatic cells with resulting hyperglycemia.

1. GI lavage, AC
    
2. CaCl 10% 10 -20ml (avoid if pt is on Digoxin)
    
3. Glucagone as above

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