COMMON ANESTHETIC MEDICATIONS
- MSO4 - pain relief in 15-30 min and effect lasts 4-6 hours. Dose is 0.1 mg/kg 0.2mg/kg to a max of 20 mg. Side Effects (S.E.): Bradycardia, respiratory depression, nausea, histamine release.
- Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) - 1-2 mg q 4-6 hr. Used IV/IM/SC/PO. S.E. as above
- Meperidine (Demerol) - takes effect in 10 min. Dose is 1-2 mg/kg q 2-4 hr. S.E. as above.
- Fentanyl -When given IV, effect is in 30 sec. Action duration is 30 min. Dose is 1-1.5 mcg/kg. S.E.is thoracic muscle rigidity when rapidly administered. Dose must be decreased in elderly and pts with renal insufficiency. Fentanyl has few of the above effects of other opiates thus it is safer when the patient is hemodynamically compromised.
- Midazolam (Versed) - reliably absorbed when given IM (onset of action 15 min) and IV (onset of action in 2-5 min).Dose 1-2mg q 1 min till total of 0.1 mg/kg. Duration ½ - 2 hr. Can be reversed with Flumazenil (Romazicon) 0.2 mg IV q 30 sec till total of 1-3 mg.
- Ketamine - sedates and causes anesthesia. Dose is 1-2 mg/kg/IV or 2-3 mg/kg/IM and onset is 60 sec and 3 min respectively. Safe cardiorespiratory profile. Can cause broncorrhea if not pre-medicated with 0.01mg/kg of Atropine.
- Thiopental and Propofol (see "Rapid Sequence Intubation").